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In 2005 the FFII helped Europe reject a proposal to legitimize the European Patent Office's (EPO) case law. In 2007, the EPO continues to grant software patents and business method patents in violation of the European Patent Convention by applying its own interpretation and "case law", outside of any EU legal framework.

News: Apple Starts ‘Nuclear War’ in Patent Fight With HTC (1267692828|%O ago)
Apple filed a patent-infringement complaint against Taiwan’s HTC Corp. yesterday, seeking to prevent U.S. imports of phones that run Google Inc.’s Android operating system. The decision to take the case to the International Trade Commission signals that Apple wants to curb HTC’s market share gains as quickly as possible, said an expert.

News: The Prior Art: Inside Google's first patent trial (1267088415|%O ago)
Google's hard-nosed strategy for dealing with patent-holding plaintiffs gets put to the test -- and proves successful: late last month, Google won its first patent infringement lawsuit to go to a jury trial, in the Eastern District of Texas. The plaintiff was Function Media LLC, a patent holding company.

Digimaj: Alvaro asks 9 questions to the Commission about ACTA, including 3 strikes and transparency (1265818281|%O ago)
Alexander Alvaro (ALDE) has asked 9 questions about ACTA, including 3 strikes and transparency, or the access by the INTA committee to the drafts documents. He is also asking about changes to substantive patent law (read software patents here).

Digimaj: Members of European Parliaments ask when they will receive the ACTA documents (1265717153|%O ago)
Some Member of the European Parliament have asked when they will receive the ACTA documents, mentioning the Lisbon Treaty article 218 which says that the Parliament have to be "fully informed" of the negotiations. The new trade commissioner Karel DeGucht said previously that the Lisbon Treaty do not apply to ACTA, because the confidentiality of the talks were negotiated before.

News: Economist: An end to frivolous patents may finally be in sight (1265544546|%O ago)
For society, however, the loss of competition through the granting sole rights to an individual or organisation is justified only if it stimulates the economy and delivers goods that change people’s lives for the better. [...] Instead of stimulating innovation, such [business method] patents seem more about extracting “rents” from innocent bystanders going about their business. [...] If truth be told, few inventions are really worth patenting. Time and again, surveys show that in both America and Europe companies rate superior sales and service, lead time and secrecy as far more important than patents when it comes to profiting from innovation. [...] Pursuing patents aggressively for cross-licensing agreements has little to do with encouraging innovation, though. Indeed, by increasing transaction costs, such deals are in effect a tax on innovation.

News: SD Times: USPTO likely to adopt 'peer-to-patent' (1265373622|%O ago)
Kappos said that the project “got a good level of interest. It got positive responses from examiners and the public. [The project's participants] found significant prior art, especially in non-patent literature. That's important in software, where so often it's not patented prior art. Our mission as an agency is to get the best prior art in front of examiners. There clearly is value [in the project]."

NoOOXML: Samba guru Jeremy Allison reflects on Open XML standardisation (1264092321|%O ago)
Allison says professionals lost their respect in ISO.

NoOOXML: EU settlement: ECMA 376 not ISO 29500 (1261093641|%O ago)
Microsoft will document "additional information" to ECMA 376 and will comply with ECMA 376 1st January and shields the freedom to create software as a work of art pour l'art.

NoOOXML: ANSI: international standards system is working well (1260886208|%O ago)
Messages from a parallel universe.

News: Kalow and Springut: Patentable Subject Matter After 'Bilski' (1258131783|%O ago)
The machine or transformation test is the current analysis that the courts and the Patent Office will take when considering whether subject matter is patentable. As both Bilski and Prometheus show, this question is not industry specific, but it is particularly important when an inventor is trying to obtain patent rights directed to processes. Because of the changing landscape, and the likelihood that whatever the Supreme Court does, there will remain unanswered questions about where the boundaries lie, the patent practitioner should always consider trying to claim processes both broadly and as tied to devices and/or causes one or more transformations.

News: The H: New Microsoft patent may put Linux security components at risk (1258109498|%O ago)
Microsoft has been granted a patent on a privilege escalation system which appears to cover the functionality of PolicyKit, which is used for fine grain authorisation on Ubuntu, Fedora, openSUSE and other Linux systems.

News: Groklaw: Microsoft Patents Sudo?!! (1258055100|%O ago)
It appears that Microsoft has just patented sudo, a personalized version of it. Here it is, patent number7617530. Thanks, USPTO, for giving Microsoft, which is already a monopoly, a monopoly on something that's been in use since 1980 and wasn't invented by Microsoft.

News: Ciaran O'Riordan: Bilski’s hearing and software patents (1257869388|%O ago)
At Monday’s hearing, neither party had the objective of abolishing software patents. The Bilski case is about a business method patent, so there was Mr. Jakes arguing that business methods should be patentable, and Mr. Stewart arguing that they shouldn’t. For software to be excluded, we’re relying on the judges (to whom we wrote an amicus brief, as did many others). There’re a few worrying statements, but there’s also a lot of hope.

News: Minutes of the Bilski Hearing (1257869335|%O ago)
Official transcript of the hearing Bilski vs. Kappos before the US Supreme Court, Nov 9 2009

News: IPWatchdog: Bilski Arguments Complete at the US Supreme Court (1257801781|%O ago)
At 2pm ET on November 9, 2009, Chief Justice John Roberts gaveled the session to a close announcing that the case had now been submitted. The arguments were good, and the Court was most assuredly hot, peppering both sides with question after question seeking to probe the issues. It is clear that the Supreme Court did their homework

News: IPWatchdog: Argument Day in Bilski at US Supreme Court (1257794417|%O ago)
The Supreme Court will hear oral arguments in the Bilski matter. It is not an overstatement to say that the fate of much future innovation rests squarely on the Supreme Court getting this one right. [...] In a to the point dissent Judge Rader of the Federal Circuit said virtually all that needs to be said about Bilski: "This court labors for page after page [...] to say what could have been said in a single sentence: 'Because Bilski claims merely an abstract idea, this court affirms the Board’s rejection.'" Instead [Federal Circuit] seemed to dust off an opinion that had been previously written to be unveiled when the time was right, regardless of the facts of the case. [Why else] didn’t address the single issue presented by the Bilski patent application, but rather opined about methods in general.

News: Business Method Patents: Technological Change, Not Judicial Activism (1257793130|%O ago)
The last two decades have seen an extraordinary growth in the number of patent applications for business technologies and methods. Critics of business method patents tend to assign responsibility for this development to judicial activism by the judges of the Federal Circuit especially those responsible for the decision in State Street [...] The judicial activism thesis may have a superficial appeal. [...] Yet the judicial activism thesis suffers from multiple glaring problems and plainly cannot account for the timing of the rise in business method patenting, which plainly began well before State Street.

News: USA Today: Software patent case arrives at Supreme Court (1257790732|%O ago)
With the tech industry looking on, the Supreme Court today will explore what types of inventions should be eligible for a patent in a pivotal case that could undermine such legal protections for software. A ruling that sides with the Patent Office could bar patents on processes and methods of doing business, such as online shopping techniques, medical diagnostic tests and procedures for executing trades on Wall Street. And it might even undercut patents on software.

News: Rob Tiller (Red Hat): Patent law must not stifle innovation (1257790683|%O ago)
In a world of constantly accelerating technological change, economic prosperity depends on innovation. To support such innovation, it is vital that our patent system be well-calibrated, so that overly broad patent monopolies do not choke innovation. In the last several years, patent standards have been relaxed by the courts, which has created a patent system that hinders innovation in the software industry. The Supreme Court now is considering a case, Bilski v. Kappos, that may address this critical problem.

News: High Court Must Lower Bar For Patents (1257790587|%O ago)
In upholding a lower court ruling, the federal circuit wrote that a business process (like online banking) must be `tied to a machine' or transform `a substance into a different state or thing' in order to qualify for patent protection. This `machine or transformation' test, as it is called, is too rigid to incite innovation. If the circuit court ruling is upheld, it could have a negative effect on Connecticut technology companies where the ability to patent innovations in business systems is critical to be competitive and maintain customers.

News: Eben Moglen: An Important Patent Law Precedent Approaches (1257790494|%O ago)
The SFLC and I recently filed a brief in Bilski v. Kappos, along with plenty of other lawyers, and I gave a talk about the case, and the future of patent law, this morning at Cardozo Law School. The outpouring of amicus briefs in this case, which will be heard by the Court on November 9, must be particularly noticeable to the Justices and their law clerks: a stack of dozens of third-party briefs seeking attention would have been the lunchtime talk of that inner core of the Court back when I worked there, and I'm pretty sure that hasn't changed. A high stack of amicus briefs [...] means people outside the Supreme Court think the case is important. Bilski is very important indeed.

News: A Math Geek's Ride to the High Court in Landmark Patent Fight (1257790422|%O ago)
Bernie Bilski and Rand Warsaw were just a couple of "math geeks for hire" from Pittsburgh when they applied for a patent in 1997. They had an idea for making the unpredictable predictable for utility companies: a way to make energy bills consistent, month to month, no matter what Mother Nature had in store, weatherwise. WeatherWise USA Inc. is the name of their company, in fact. What Bilski and Warsaw did not predict is that their patent application would be rejected and, on appeal, would make its way to the U.S. Supreme Court 13 years later.

News: Finnegan Lawyer Challenging 'Machine or Transformation' Patent Test Says He's Ready (1257790331|%O ago)
If the Litigation Daily were prepping for our first Supreme Court argument--no snickering, please--in a case that's considered one of the critical business controversies of the Court's term, we would be a damn sight more nervous than J. Michael Jakes of Finnegan, Henderson, Farabow, Garrett & Dunner. On Monday, Jakes is arguing Bilski v. Kappos, a closely watched IP case that will help decide whether business methods are patentable. But last Thursday afternoon, when we called him, Jakes was at his desk, sounding decidedly unfazed about his first U.S. Supreme Court argument.

News: Christian Science Monitor: Supreme Court to decide: What kind of innovations get a patent? (1257790268|%O ago)
The US Supreme Court on Monday takes up the most fundamental question in patent law: Which innovations deserve the protection of a patent? The answer holds billion-dollar implications for the American economy. At issue is whether US patent protection must be limited to inventions involving machines and transformative processes, or whether patent law also embraces nonphysical inventions like improved business methods and software innovations.

Digimaj: FFII and IP Justice file Bilski Amicus Brief to the U.S. Supreme Court (1254917669|%O ago)
The Foundation for a Free Informational Infrastructure (FFII) and IP Justice filed an Amicus Curiae Brief to the U.S. Supreme Court. The case Bilski v. Kappos is expected to become a landmark ruling on the future of the U.S. patent system. The joint Brief explains the interlink of software and business methods, and points out alternatives to the so called Machine-or-Transformation test used for categorizing patents.

Digimaj: IBM says software patents drive OSS development (1251930625|%O ago)
In its Amicus Brief to the US Supreme Court on the Bilski case, IBM is arguing that "patent protection has promoted the free sharing of source code [...] which has fueled the explosive growth of open source software development."

NoOOXML: OOXML as a response (1251572389|%O ago)
Why did OOXML come into existence?

NoOOXML: Softpatent trolls OOXML and Word (1250068076|%O ago)
The Amageddon of Open XML. Redmond graps the bitter fruits from nuturing the software patent troll legislative environment. Soft patents are a nightmare for software companies and prohibit the company to sell MS Word.

NoOOXML: Open XML is a foul apple (1249649137|%O ago)
So you are using Mac MS-Office? Giant fail!

NoOOXML: 800 pages of defect for OOXML, here it is (1249648869|%O ago)
800 pages of defect for OOXML, here it is. ISO is such a transparent organisation that they are afraid of the web, and the public light of the blogosphere. Here is the leak for you.

NoOOXML: ISO will meet in Redmond, dinner paid by Microsoft (1249647857|%O ago)
The capture of the ISO process by the vendor is not finished. The next ISO SC34 meeting, who should review more then 800 pages of defects of OOXML. will be held in Redmond, at a stone throw of Microsoft's headquarters. Remember the dinner in Korea?

NoOOXML: New Wordprocessing Patent (1249645543|%O ago)
Does it make you feel comfortable to sit on mined grounds?

Digimaj: What's wrong with the United Patent Litigation System (UPLS)? (1247054084|%O ago)
A journalist of WorldIPReview recently asked FFII what were its views of the proposed United Patent Litigation System (UPLS), which is now being questioned by the Council in a submission to the ECJ. FFII had already published a press release mentioning the new push for software patents in Europe via a centralised and trusted court.

Digimaj: The Bilski test was invented by IBM (1246642471|%O ago)
By reading the Amicus Brief of IBM to the CAFC, it is pretty clear that the machine tranformation test which allows software patents and ban business method patents was invented by IBM lawyers.

Digimaj: USPTO refuses to disclose Bilski's pending patent application (1245674081|%O ago)
The US Supreme Court will soon hear Bilski on why software and business method patents are so good for the US economy. I was trying to find out where the Bilski's pending patent application was published, and I ended up writing to the new USPTO President and ex-IBM David Kappos. I finally got an answer from a USPTO official that the Bilski's pending patent application cannot be seen by the public.

Digimaj: Patent expert Alison Crofts says EPLA is pushed by pro-software patents lobby (1244544547|%O ago)
In its edition of IP Value 2007, the Intellectual Asset Magazine (IAM) was publishing an article about the Reform of European Patent System, where an expert mentions that the push for the EPLA is coming from the pro-software patents lobby.

Digimaj: European Patent Office refuses spanish amicus brief against software patents (1244147053|%O ago)
Alberto Barrionuevo, CEO of the small spanish software company OpenTIA and ex-president of the FFII, had submitted an amicus brief to the Enlarged Board of Appeal in spanish. The European Patent Office has notified him that they are refusing his letter because it was not written in one of the 3 official languages of the EPO.

Digimaj: European Commission pushes for software patents via a trusted court (1242135050|%O ago)
The European Commission is pushing for software patents via a centralised trusted patent court that would be created with the United Patent Litigation System (UPLS), an international treaty that would remove national courts. This court system would be shielded against any review by the European Court of Justice (ECJ). Thus patent judges would have the last word on software patents.

NoOOXML: Microsoft now attempts to sabotage ODF (1241797156|%O ago)
Users should react loudly to the latest attempt of Microsoft to sabotage ODF and fragment the corpus of ODF files

Digimaj: Conference on "Make software patents work for SMEs" (1240399523|%O ago)
The European Commission is organising a conference dedicated to "Make IPR work for SMEs" next Monday in Brussels. You can here submit your questions for next Monday on how to "Make software patents work for SMEs".

Digimaj: Stallman: "The EPO is a corrupt and malicious organisation which should not exist" (1240230341|%O ago)
Last Wednesday, farmers and software developers were demonstrating in Munich in front of the European Patent Office. Richard Stallman was describing the European Patent Office as a "corrupt and malicious organisation which should not exist".

NoOOXML: Burning the binary ships (1240057151|%O ago)
The latest discussed advocacy scheme for OOXML: The old binary formats implementations are insecure and attention to fix security flaws of implementations is reduced.

NoOOXML: What is the definition of an "existing document"? (1239980310|%O ago)
ISO SC34, now heavily controlled by Microsoft people who go to ISO meeting happening all over the planet, has published a report of defects of the pseudo ISO standard ISO29500. They do not provide a definition of what is an "existing document".

NoOOXML: Open XML, the standard that was not (1239978608|%O ago)
Many neutral BRM observers felt screwed up and they get more and more evidence that their feelings were right. Open XML proponents become twitter jerks.

Digistan: Digital Standards Organization publishes "standards for standards" (1239801870|%O ago)
Digistan has published its first "standard for standards", the Consensus-oriented specification system. or COSS.

Digimaj: The ACTA draft treaty is covering patent infringement (1239751672|%O ago)
Wikileaks has published some drafts of the secret ACTA treaty, which aims to give better guns to Patent Trolls. The draft mentions that it covers all the rights covered by TRIPS, so it will cover also patents.

Digimaj: Secret European Union mandate to negotiate ACTA leaked: fears confirmed (1239532365|%O ago)
The secret European Union mandate to negotiate the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA) was leaked. Member of the European Parliament Jens Holms said the document has confirmed his fears.

Digimaj: Call the Obama administration and ask for your copy of ACTA now! (1239036951|%O ago)
The Obama administration wants to be called about the status of negotiations of ACTA. Call the Obama administration and ask for your copy of ACTA now!

Digimaj: FFII and EPO announce "Binaries-As-Prior-Art" (1238581288|%O ago)
After years of confidential work, the European Patent Office (EPO) and the Foundation for a Free Information Infrastructure (FFII) today announce a radical way to improve software patent quality: Binaries-As-Prior-Art, or BAPA. BAPA combines a database of billions of compiled computer programs ("binaries") with a powerful Cloud search engine that can find any invention in microseconds.

NoOOXML: Portuguese Public Administration forced to use Microsoft Office 2003/7 (1238442307|%O ago)
The Court of Accounts's Counsil for Corruption Prevention is making a mandatory survey on corruption risks in public procurement, which all public administrators must reply, by law. However, not only the survey is available only in Microsoft's binary format, but they also demand that it is returned in Microsoft Office 2003/7 XML format (MS-OOXML).

Digimaj: The Conspiracy of Silence (1238160980|%O ago)
The greatest threat to the global movement to abolish software patents is not the patent trolls or legacy businesses, but the conspiracy of silence from those on "our side" of the debate.

Digimaj: Did Red Hat lobby for, or against software patents in Europe? (1237910689|%O ago)
In this article we revisit the historical 2005 Software Patent Directive, the most heavily lobbied European law ever, and look at Red Hat's public policy statements regarding this law. Our conclusion: Red Hat Instead, they endorsed the propaganda term "Computer Implemented Invention" and they lobbied for amendments that would legislate for, not against, software patents across Europe where the letter of the law still forbade them.

Digimaj: Who drives the Spanish ICT public policy? The Minister? Sure? (1237740584|%O ago)
Open letter to the Spanish Minister of Industry demanding him to fire to the vice-minister who seems to drive the current ICT public policy of Spain... for big telecoms and Hollywood entertainment corporations. The man who tries to bring the French 3-strikes against P2P to Spain. Everything against the public opinions expressed by the Minister. What is wrong here, Minister Sebastián?

NoOOXML: Paoli: This is a time of change (1237734293|%O ago)
Did we overlook an important event? And what about the crumbs of the ongoing crisis spending?

Digimaj: Red Hat patents SOAP processing over CGI (1237542203|%O ago)
US Patent 7453593 claims command-line processing by a web server of SOAP requests, resulting in XML responses, from and to a remote client. The HTTP Common Gateway Interface (CGI) operates precisely as described in Claim 1. If you POST a SOAP document and return an XHTML response or a SOAP document, this infringes on Claim 2, since both XHTML and SOAP are XML languages. This patent thus claims to own the processing of SOAP documents by CGI programs.

NoOOXML: Fraunhofer Fokus supported by Microsoft (1237062733|%O ago)
The new Fraunhofer Fokus lab will validate the ISO/IEC 29500 aka OOXML.

NoOOXML: Microsoft hijacking ODF: the freedom to embrace and extend (1235763583|%O ago)
Doug Mahugh of Microsoft is pushing inside the ODF Technical Committee for proprietary extensions, by which the monopolist vendor could embrace and extend the format to "innovate". The extensions possibility is the door open to proprietary closed source parts, that renders the ODF customer a Microsoft slave once again like in the good old times of the .DOC.

NoOOXML: .XLSX files as a security risk (1235520827|%O ago)
Some Open XML based products as Microsoft Excel are affected by a security flaw and the Trojan.Mdropper.AC.

NoOOXML: National Word Processors? (1232816629|%O ago)
Russia pioneers the concept of a National Operating System. Are National Office suites also an option to sent a clear message to end software extortion and make way for a competitive environment based on true open standards?

Digistan: "Where does the pressure come from?" (1232455205|%O ago)
Peter Jungen and the EEI wonder if openness rhetorics risks turning Europe into an innovation "dead zone".

NoOOXML: Tridge asks for reparations (1232419209|%O ago)
Andrew Tridgell is still upset about the Open XML process. In other news we watch the fallout when passionate supporters of open standards in a successful SME get really upset.

Digistan: EU Council wants DRM interoperability consultations (1227482384|%O ago)
In addition to mixed responses of consumers reluctant to accept technical protection measures without direct consumer benefit, the interoperability problems of existing DRM solutions lead to a supply side fragmentation of the market which prevent their adoption. The EU-Council wants consultations.

Digistan: Commission clarifies its views on Open Standards (1223120542|%O ago)
In response to a question of Hiltrud Breyer the European Commission explains 'Open Standards'. Technical mandates are seen as "a means to achieve its political, economic and social mandate, including carrying out its tasks in the most efficient way, constantly ensuring appropriate user satisfaction and best value for EU taxpayers' money." Furthermore the Commission highlights its support for the open document format (ODF).

Digistan: UK Government responds to Digistan petition (1219154796|%O ago)
Chris Puttick points us to the Prime Minister's office's response to the Digistan petition launched by UK supporters of free and open digital standards.

Digistan: EU holds firm on "open standard", US firms go ballistic (1214988419|%O ago)
After years of discussion, the EU has announced that it will not change its definition of "open standard" to accommodate the wishes of patent holders and legacy software firms. We look at some of the reactions and at the growing divergence between US and EU policies on technology.

Digistan: South Africa will host XML workshop 17-20 June (1213015248|%O ago)
Rob Weir, Steve Pepper and Patrick Durusau are expected.

Digistan: UK petition on Hague Declaration (1212589875|%O ago)
The UK Prime Minister's office has accepted an e-petition calling for the PM to adopt the Hague Declaration. Deadline for voting is 6 July.

Digistan: Commission to MEP: We are able to accept and generate ODF (1212159727|%O ago)
EU-Commissioner Siim Kallas answered to MEP Cappato (ALDE) that the Commission was able to accept and generate documents in ODF format. The Finn heads among other DGs the Directorate General Informatics of the European Commission which coordinates the Commission's IT infrastructure.

Digistan: The IT Rights of Digistan (1212150040|%O ago)
Josh Chalifour discussed the relationship of open standards and open source and acknowledges the new advocacy approach of the Digistan Hague Declaration.

Digistan: South Africa appeals against ISO decision on OOXML (1211542345|%O ago)
Steve Pepper reports that the South African national standards body, SABS, has appealed against the result of the OOXML DIS 29500 ballot in ISO.

Digistan: Hague Declaration to be signed on 21 May in the Hague (1210846862|%O ago)
The founders of the Digital Standards Organization, and others, will sign the Hague Declaration on 21 May 2008 in the Hague. The signing ceremony will be held in the Dutch Royal Library.

Digistan: Open letter to standards professionals and activists (1210661300|%O ago)
In an open letter published today, nineteen standards professionals and activists, founders of the Digital Standards Organization call on standards developers, supporters, and advocates to sign the Hague Declaration on open standards, and join in the building of a new not-for-profit worldwide grass roots organization "to defend and promote open standards".

Digistan: "Proyecto Estándares Abiertos" joins Digistan as its chapter in Spanish (1210660431|%O ago)
The "Estándares Abiertos" project (www.EstandaresAbiertos.org), originally the inspiration for the FFII's open standards work group, and the intellectual source of Digistan has decided by unanimous votes of its members to join Digistan as its Spanish chapter, covering Spain and Spanish-speaking Latin America.

Digistan: KROS joins Digistan as Polish chapter (1210324123|%O ago)
Polish organization KROS, the Coalition for Open Standards, has joined the growing international community that is building the Digital Standards Organization.

Digistan: Digistan France launches LesStandardsNumeriques.org (1210153455|%O ago)
"Les Standards Numériques est la plateforme francophone de Digistan, the Digital Standards Organization. Digistan regroupe des professionnels des formats numériques et a pour but de promouvoir le choix des consommateurs, la libre concurrence et la croissance dans l'économie numérique par le biais de la compréhension, le développement et l'adoption de standards informatiques libres et ouverts."

Digistan: Ecuador migrates to Free Software and Open Standards (1207934549|%O ago)
On April 10, 2008, Ecuadorean President Rafael Correa Delgado signed a decree ordering that the software used by public administrations in the country be free software (and implicitly based on open standards). Fuller story in Spanish...

Digistan: Digistan workshop - The Hague, 21st May 2008 (1207469700|%O ago)
Digistan organizes its next workshop in the Hague on 21st May 2008. The programme covers all Digistan workgroups including Domino, the project to translate the Dutch e-government framework for international use.

Digistan: 29 November 2007 - "Standards and Patents" in London (1195120296|%O ago)
Microsoft are running a conference on the subject of standards and patents, "Providing unique insight into standards and key patent issues affecting companies that use hi-tech equipment."

Digistan: MS-funded interoperability study tells governments, "it ain't broke, don't fix it" (1195119698|%O ago)
"The findings of an international study released today by researchers from the Berkman Center for Internet & Society at Harvard Law School and the Research Center for Information Law, University of St. Gallen indicate that private sector leadership, more so than government intervention, is the optimal method for ensuring that technologies work well together and innovation flourishes... The research was sponsored by Microsoft Corporation."

The FFII is a not-for-profit association active in over fifty countries, dedicated to the development of information goods for the public benefit, based on copyright, free competition, and open standards. More than 850 members, 3,500 companies and 100,000 supporters have entrusted the FFII to act as their voice in public policy questions concerning exclusion rights (intellectual property) in data processing.

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